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https://doi.org/10.4081/cardio.2026.112

iCARDIO Alliance Global Implementation Guidelines on Ischemic Heart Disease 2026

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Published: 24 August 2026
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Guidelines, iCARDIO Alliance, ischemic heart disease

Authors

Fausto J. Pinto
Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon; Centro Academico de Medicina de Lisboa, CCUL@RISE, Lisbon, Portugal.
Martha Gulati
The Davis Women’s Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston Methodist, Houston, TX, United States.
Daniel Caldeira
Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon; Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte (CHULN), EPE; Centro de Estudos de Medicina Baseada na Evidência (CEMBE), Lisbon, Portugal.
Clara K. Chow
CPC Westmead Clinical Lead, Community Based Cardiac Services, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW; Australian Stroke and Heart Research Accelerator (ASHRA), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Luis Henrique Wolff Gowdak
Heart Institute, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
Dipti Itchhaporia
Hoag Memorial Hospital Presbyterian, Newport Beach, CA; University of California, Irvine, CA, United States.
Abdulla Shehab
United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain , United Arab Emirates.
Gurpreet Singh Wander
Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
Beth L. Abramson
Division of Cardiology, University of Toronto; St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.
Takashi Akasaka
Nishinomiya Watanabe Hospital, Nishinomiya, Japan.
Giuseppe Ambrosio
National Institute for Cardiovascular Research (INRC), Bologna, Italy.
Alexandra Arias-Mendoza
National Institute of Cardiology "Ignacio Chavez", Mexico City, Mexico.
Otavio Berwanger
The George Institute for Global Health, London, United Kingdom.
Anastase Dzudie
Department of Internal Medicine and Subspecialties, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon.
Evangelos Giannitsis
Heidelberg University Hospital , Germany.
Rania Hammami
Cardiology Department, Military University Hospital of Sfax, Tunisia.
Neil Johnson
Global Heart Hub, Newcastle, Galway, Ireland.
Vijay Kunadian
Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University; Cardiothoracic Centre, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
Renato D. Lopes
Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, United States.
Athanasios Manolis
Department of Cardiology, Metropolitan Hospital, Piraeus, Greece.
Girish Mathur
Alka Diagnostic Centre, Kota, Rajasthan, India.
Giuseppe M.C. Rosano
Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of Quality of Life, San Raffaele University of Rome; IRCCS San Raffaele, Rome, Italy.
Ana Salvati
Clinical Model of Moron, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Gregg W. Stone
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.
Jean-Claude Tardif
Montreal Heart Institute Research Center, Montreal, Canada.
Ping Xie
Gansu Provincial Hospital, Gantang, Fujian, China.
Jian Zhang
Fuwai Hospital, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, China.
Mohammad Zubaid
Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait.
William T. Abraham
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and The Davis Heart and Vascular Research Institute, The Ohio State University (OSU) College of Medecine and OSU Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States.
Wael Abuzeid
Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
Rasha AlBawardy
Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.
Thomas Alexander
Division of Cardiology, Kovai Medical Center and Hospital, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
Stefan D. Anker
Department of Cardiology (CVK) of German Heart Center Charité; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) partner site Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.
John J. Atherton
Department of Cardiology, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital; Faculty of Health, Medicine and Behavioural Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Andrea Baer
Arrhythmia Alliance, Hilton Head Island, SC, United States.
Rakesh Bhadade
Topiwala National Medical College, BYL Nair Charitable Hospital, Mumbai Central, Maharashtra, India.
William E. Boden
Boston University School of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
Gabriela Borrayo Sanchez
Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM); Mexican Institute of Social Security, Mexico City, Mexico.
Javed Butler
Department of Medicine, University of Mississipi Medical Centre, Jackson, MS; Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Dallas, TX, United States.
Edina Cenko
University of Bologna, Italy.
Edith H. Chavez
Clinica San Pablo Surco, Lima, Peru.
Vijay Chopra
Heart Failure Programme and Research, Max Super Specialty Hospital, Saket, New Dehli, India.
Andrew J.S. Coats
Heart Research Institute, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Marcelo Di Carli
Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.
Jianzeng Dong
Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Jan Fedacko
Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia.
Gerasimos Filippatos
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens University Hospital Attikon, Athens, Greece.
Abdoul Kane
General Hospitall of Grand Yoff (HOGGY), Dakar, Senegal.
Muhammad Shahzeb Khan
Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Dallas, TX; Baylor Scott and White, The Heart Hospital, Plano, TX, United States.
Pablos Lamelas
Cardiovascular Institute of Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Michael Lee
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Haroldo Lopez
Honduras Medical Center, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
Angela H.E.M. Maas
Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
Mpiko Ntsekhe
Division of Cardiology, University of Cape Town; Clinical Cardiology, Groote Schurr Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.
Pat O’Donnell
Global Heart Hub, Newcastle, Galway, Ireland.
Gian Piero Perna
Istituto Medico Palmatea, Fermo, Italy.
Miguel Quintana
Instituto Cardiovascular y Pulmonar ICAP-LW Randall, Asunción, Paraguay.
Bagirath Raghuraman
Narayana Institute of Cardiac Sciences, Narayana Health City, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Ruchit Shah
K J Somaiya Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Vladimir Ullauri
Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Metropolitano de Quito, Ecuador.
Sarah Zaman
University of Sydney, Sydney Medical School (SMS), Westmead Applied Research Centre (WARC), Westmead, NSW, Australia.
Jose Luis Zamorano
Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain.
Yuhui Zhang
Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Sheng-hua Zhou
Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Shelley Zieroth
University of Manitoba, St Boniface Hospital, Cardiac Sciences, Manitoba, Canada.
Rod Zimmermann
Regina General Hospital, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada.
Habib Gamra
Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, Tunisia.
Maria Ines Sosa Liprandi
Heart Failure, Cardiomyopathy and Pulmonary Hypertension Unit, Sanatorio Güemes, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Juan-Carlos Kaski
Cardiology Clinical Academic Group, St. George's University Hospitals NHS Trust and Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom.

There are a number of guidelines on how to manage ischemic heart disease (IHD), but inconsistencies in healthcare access, varying infrastructure, resource constraints and diverse local practices restrict their global applicability. This underscores the need for universal recommendations that address the unique challenges faced by patients and healthcare providers worldwide. Our Global Guidelines emphasize the incorporation of novel therapies, while integrating standards of care with the most up-to-date evidence to enable clinicians to optimize IHD management. These Global Guidelines provide evidence-based recommendations that represent a group consensus considering the previously published guidelines that have reviewed many of the issues related to the management of IHD but have also provided recommendations on several issues where resource limitations may put constraints on the evaluation and treatments provided to patients with IHD. Such recommendations aim to guide situations when resources are somewhat limited or when resources are severely limited. Hence, this document presents a comprehensive update to IHD management guidelines, thereby aiming to provide a unified strategy for the management of IHD that is applicable to all cardiovascular care worldwide.

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1.
Pinto FJ, Gulati M, Caldeira D, Chow CK, Wolff Gowdak LH, Itchhaporia D, et al. iCARDIO Alliance Global Implementation Guidelines on Ischemic Heart Disease 2026. Global Cardiol [Internet]. 2026 Aug. 24 [cited 2026 Aug. 24];. Available from: https://www.globalcardiology.info/site/article/view/112
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